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Py学习  »  NGINX

Nginx 搭建图片服务器

后端技术精选 • 5 年前 • 358 次点击  

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技术博文不错过！


作者：ITDragon龙

cnblogs.com/itdragon/p/7864916.html


一份Java汇总面试题

本章内容通过Nginx 和 FTP 搭建图片服务器。在学习本章内容前，请确保您的Linux 系统已经安装了Nginx和Vsftpd。

Nginx 安装

http://www.cnblogs.com/itdragon/p/7850985.html


Vsftpd 安装

http://www.cnblogs.com/itdragon/p/7857649.html

本章知识点

效果图：


  • 需求：实现图片的上传和批量上传

  • 技术：Nginx，Vsftpd，Spring，SpringMVC，KindEditor，CentOS

  • 说明：本章节内容主要是实现图片的上传功能。使用 KindEditer 是为了更好的演示图片的上传，回显，批量效果。后台代码与KindEditer没有直接关系，放心阅读。另外源码中有Mybatis的jar，不用理会，本章内容用不到，是为后续内容做准备！

  • 源码：见文章底部

  • 场景：用户将图片上传到 tomcat 服务器上，再由 tomcat 服务器通过FTP上传到 Nginx 服务器上。


项目结构：

单元测试

首先要攻破核心技术。通过单元测试实现图片上传的功能。

package com.itdragon.test;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;

import org.apache.commons.net.ftp.FTP;
import org.apache.commons.net.ftp.FTPClient;
import org.junit.Test;



    

public class PictureFTPTest {

    // 测试 ftp 上传图片功能
    @Test
    public void testFtpClient() throws Exception {
        // 1. 创建一个FtpClient对象
        FTPClient ftpClient = new FTPClient();
        // 2. 创建 ftp 连接
        ftpClient.connect("192.168.0.11", 21);
        // 3. 登录 ftp 服务器
        ftpClient.login("ftpuser", "root");
        // 4. 读取本地文件
        FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(new File("F:\\hello.png"));
        // 5. 设置上传的路径
        ftpClient.changeWorkingDirectory("/usr/local/nginx/html/images");
        // 6. 修改上传文件的格式为二进制
        ftpClient.setFileType(FTP.BINARY_FILE_TYPE);
        // 7. 服务器存储文件，第一个参数是存储在服务器的文件名，第二个参数是文件流
        ftpClient.storeFile("hello.jpg", inputStream);
        // 8. 关闭连接
        ftpClient.logout();

    }

}

说明：这里的ip地址，端口，ftp用户名，密码，本地文件路径，以及Nginx服务器图片路径等，这些字符串参数都要根据自己实际设置的来填写的。如果你的Nginx和Vsftpd安装是按照我提供的链接来做的。那你只需要改ip地址即可。

Maven 的Web 项目

搭建Maven的Web 项目，之前有写过。这里就不过多描述。

项目核心配置文件

首先是 Maven 的核心文件 pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.itdragon.uploadgroupId>
    <artifactId>pictrue-serviceartifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOTversion>
    <packaging>warpackaging>

    
    <properties>
        <junit.version>4.12junit.version>
        


    
<spring.version>4.1.3.RELEASEspring.version>
        <mybatis.version>3.2.8mybatis.version>
        <mybatis.spring.version>1.2.2mybatis.spring.version>
        <mybatis.paginator.version>1.2.15mybatis.paginator.version>
        <mysql.version>5.1.6mysql.version>
        <slf4j.version>1.6.4slf4j.version>
        <jackson.version>2.4.2jackson.version>
        <druid.version>1.0.9druid.version>
        <httpclient.version>4.3.5httpclient.version>
        <jstl.version>1.2jstl.version>
        <servlet-api.version>2.5servlet-api.version>
        <jsp-api.version>2.0


    
jsp-api.version>
        <joda-time.version>2.5joda-time.version>
        <commons-lang3.version>3.3.2commons-lang3.version>
        <commons-io.version>1.3.2commons-io.version>
        <commons-net.version>3.3commons-net.version>
        <pagehelper.version>3.4.2pagehelper.version>
        <jsqlparser.version>0.9.1jsqlparser.version>
        <commons-fileupload.version>1.3.1commons-fileupload.version>
        <jedis.version>2.7.2jedis.version>
        <solrj.version>4.10.3solrj.version>
    properties>
    <dependencies>
        
        <dependency>


    

            <groupId>joda-timegroupId>
            <artifactId>joda-timeartifactId>
            <version>${joda-time.version}version>
        dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commonsgroupId>
            <artifactId>commons-lang3artifactId>
            <version>${commons-lang3.version}version>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commonsgroupId>
            <artifactId>commons-ioartifactId>
            <version>


    
${commons-io.version}version>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-netgroupId>
            <artifactId>commons-netartifactId>
            <version>${commons-net.version}version>
        dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.coregroupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databindartifactId>
            <version>${jackson.version}version>
        dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents


    
groupId>
            <artifactId>httpclientartifactId>
            <version>${httpclient.version}version>
        dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junitgroupId>
            <artifactId>junitartifactId>
            <version>${junit.version}version>
            <scope>testscope>
        dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4jgroupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12artifactId>



    
            <version>${slf4j.version}version>
        dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatisgroupId>
            <artifactId>mybatisartifactId>
            <version>${mybatis.version}version>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatisgroupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-springartifactId>
            <version>${mybatis.spring.version}version>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>


    
com.github.miemiedevgroupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-paginatorartifactId>
            <version>${mybatis.paginator.version}version>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.github.pagehelpergroupId>
            <artifactId>pagehelperartifactId>
            <version>${pagehelper.version}version>
        dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysqlgroupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-javaartifactId>
            <version>${mysql.version}version>
        


    
dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibabagroupId>
            <artifactId>druidartifactId>
            <version>${druid.version}version>
        dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-contextartifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}version>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
            


    
<artifactId>spring-beansartifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}version>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvcartifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}version>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbcartifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}version>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            


    
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aspectsartifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}version>
        dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>jstlgroupId>
            <artifactId>jstlartifactId>
            <version>${jstl.version}version>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servletgroupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-apiartifactId>
            <version>${servlet-api.version}version>


    

            <scope>providedscope>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servletgroupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-apiartifactId>
            <version>${jsp-api.version}version>
            <scope>providedscope>
        dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-fileuploadgroupId>
            <artifactId>commons-fileuploadartifactId>
            <version>${commons-fileupload.version}version>
        dependency>



    
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>redis.clientsgroupId>
            <artifactId>jedisartifactId>
            <version>${jedis.version}version>
        dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.solrgroupId>
            <artifactId>solr-solrjartifactId>
            <version>${solrj.version}version>
        dependency>
    dependencies>

    <build>
        <finalName>${project.artifactId}finalName>



    
        <plugins>
            
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.pluginsgroupId>
                <artifactId>maven-resources-pluginartifactId>
                <version>2.7version>
                <configuration>
                    <encoding>UTF-8encoding>
                configuration>
            plugin>
            
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.pluginsgroupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-pluginartifactId>
                <version>3.2version>
                


    
<configuration>
                    <source>1.7source>
                    <target>1.7target>
                    <encoding>UTF-8encoding>
                configuration>
            plugin>
        plugins>
        <pluginManagement>
            <plugins>
                
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.mavengroupId>
                    <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-pluginartifactId>
                    <version>2.2version>
                plugin>
            plugins>


    

        pluginManagement>
    build>
project>

说明：和文件上传有直接关系的是：

<dependency>
     <groupId>commons-fileuploadgroupId>
     <artifactId>commons-fileuploadartifactId>
dependency>

然后是 Web 项目的核心文件 web.xml


<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
    id="taotao" version="2.5">
    <display-name>pictrue-service


    
display-name>
    
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocationparam-name>
        <param-value>classpath:spring/applicationContext-*.xmlparam-value>
    context-param>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListenerlistener-class>
    listener>
    
    <filter>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilterfilter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilterfilter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encodingparam-name>
            <param-value>utf-8param-value>


    

        init-param>
    filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilterfilter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*url-pattern>
    filter-mapping>
    
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>pictrue-serviceservlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServletservlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocationparam-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring/springmvc.xmlparam-value>
        init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1


    
load-on-startup>
    servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>pictrue-serviceservlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/url-pattern>
    servlet-mapping>
web-app>

再是 SpringMVC 配置文件 springmvc.xml，需要添加文件上传解析器


    <bean id="multipartResolver"
        class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
        
        <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8">property>
        
        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="5242880">


    
property>
    bean>

最后是 Ftp 配置文件 resource.properties

FTP_ADDRESS=192.168.0.11
FTP_PORT=21
FTP_USERNAME=ftpuser
FTP_PASSWORD=root
FTP_BASE_PATH=/usr/local/nginx/html/images
IMAGE_BASE_URL=http://192.168.0.11/images

Service 层

上传图片的接口 PictureService.java

package com.itdragon.service;
import java.util.Map;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
public interface PictureService {

    /**
     * 上传，批量上传接口
     * @param uploadFile
     * @return
     */
    Map uploadPicture(MultipartFile uploadFile);
}

上传图片接口实现类 PictureServiceImpl.java




    
package com.itdragon.service.impl;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.commons.net.ftp.FTP;
import org.apache.commons.net.ftp.FTPClient;
import org.apache.commons.net.ftp.FTPReply;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;

import com.itdragon.service.PictureService;

@Service
@SuppressWarnings({"rawtypes", "unchecked"})
public class PictureServiceImpl implements PictureService {

    // 通过 Spring4 的 Value注解，获取配置文件中的属性值
    @Value("${FTP_ADDRESS}")
    private String FTP_ADDRESS;     // ftp 服务器ip地址
    @Value("${FTP_PORT}")
    private Integer FTP_PORT;       // ftp 服务器port，默认是21


    

    @Value("${FTP_USERNAME}")
    private String FTP_USERNAME;    // ftp 服务器用户名
    @Value("${FTP_PASSWORD}")
    private String FTP_PASSWORD;    // ftp 服务器密码
    @Value("${FTP_BASE_PATH}")
    private String FTP_BASE_PATH;   // ftp 服务器存储图片的绝对路径
    @Value("${IMAGE_BASE_URL}")
    private String IMAGE_BASE_URL;  // ftp 服务器外网访问图片路径

    @Override
    public Map uploadPicture(MultipartFile uploadFile) {
        Map resultMap = new HashMap<>();
        try {
            // 1. 取原始文件名
            String oldName = uploadFile.getOriginalFilename();

            // 2. ftp 服务器的文件名
            String newName = oldName;
            //图片上传
            boolean result = uploadFile(FTP_ADDRESS, FTP_PORT, FTP_USERNAME, FTP_PASSWORD, 
                    uploadFile.getInputStream(), FTP_BASE_PATH, newName);
            //返回结果
            if(!result) {
                resultMap.put("error", 1);
                resultMap.put("message", "upload Fail");
                return


    
 resultMap;
            }
            resultMap.put("error", 0);
            resultMap.put("url", IMAGE_BASE_URL + "/" + newName);
            return resultMap;

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            resultMap.put("error", 1);
            resultMap.put("message", "upload Fail");
            return resultMap;
        }
    }

    /**
     * ftp 上传图片方法
     * @param ip            ftp 服务器ip地址
     * @param port          ftp 服务器port，默认是21
     * @param account       ftp 服务器用户名
     * @param passwd        ftp 服务器密码
     * @param inputStream   文件流
     * @param workingDir    ftp 服务器存储图片的绝对路径
     * @param fileName      上传到ftp 服务器文件名
     * @throws Exception
     * 
     */
    public boolean uploadFile(String ip, Integer port, String account, String passwd,
            InputStream inputStream, String workingDir, String fileName) throws Exception{
        boolean result = false;
        // 1. 创建一个FtpClient对象
        FTPClient ftpClient = new FTPClient();
        try {
            // 2. 创建 ftp 连接
            ftpClient.connect(ip, port);
            


    
// 3. 登录 ftp 服务器
            ftpClient.login(account, passwd);
            int reply = ftpClient.getReplyCode(); // 获取连接ftp 状态返回值
            System.out.println("code : " + reply);
            if (!FTPReply.isPositiveCompletion(reply)) {
                ftpClient.disconnect(); // 如果返回状态不再 200 ~ 300 则认为连接失败
                return result;
            }
            // 4. 读取本地文件
//          FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(new File("F:\\hello.png"));
            // 5. 设置上传的路径
            ftpClient.changeWorkingDirectory(workingDir);
            // 6. 修改上传文件的格式为二进制
            ftpClient.setFileType(FTP.BINARY_FILE_TYPE);
            // 7. 服务器存储文件，第一个参数是存储在服务器的文件名，第二个参数是文件流
            if (!ftpClient.storeFile(fileName, inputStream)) {
                return result;
            }
            // 8. 关闭连接
            inputStream.close();
            ftpClient.logout();
            result = true;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            // FIXME 听说，项目里面最好少用try catch 捕获异常，这样会导致Spring的事务回滚出问题？？？难道之前写的代码都是假代码！！！
            if (ftpClient.isConnected()) {
                try {
                    ftpClient.disconnect();
                } catch (IOException ioe) {
                }
            }
        }
        return result;
    }




    
}

说明：

  • @Value 注解是Spring4 中提供的，@Value("${XXX}")

  • 返回值是一个Map，并且key有error，url，message。这是根据KindEditer的语法要求来的。详情见链接。http://kindeditor.net/docs/upload.html

Controller 层

负责页面跳转的 PageController.java

package com.itdragon.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class PageController {

    /**
     * 打开首页
     */
    @RequestMapping("/")
    public String showIndex() {
        return "index";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/{page}")
    public


    
 String showpage(@PathVariable String page) {
        System.out.println("page : " + page);
        return page;
    }
}

负责图片上传的 PictureController.java

package com.itdragon.controller;

import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.itdragon.service.PictureService;

@RestController
public class PictureController {

    @Autowired
    private


    
 PictureService pictureService;

    @RequestMapping("pic/upload")
    public String pictureUpload(@RequestParam(value = "fileUpload") MultipartFile uploadFile) {
        String json = "";
        try {
            Map result = pictureService.uploadPicture(uploadFile);
            // 浏览器擅长处理json格式的字符串，为了减少因为浏览器内核不同导致的bug，建议用json
            json = new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(result);
        } catch (JsonProcessingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return json;
    }
}

说明：

  • @RestController 也是Spring4 提供的，是 @Controller + @ResponseBody 的组合注解。

  • Controller层的返回值是一个json格式的字符串。是考虑到浏览器对json解析兼容性比较好。

Views视图层

负责上传图片的jsp页面 pic-upload.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">



    
<title>ITDragon 图片上传title>
head>
    <link href="/js/kindeditor-4.1.10/themes/default/default.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet">
    <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.min.js">script> 
    <script type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8" src="/js/kindeditor-4.1.10/kindeditor-all-min.js">script>
    <script type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8" src="/js/kindeditor-4.1.10/lang/zh_CN.js">script>
head>  
<body>  
    <h3>测试上传图片功能接口的form表单


    
h3>
    <form action="pic/upload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
        <input type="file" name="fileUpload" />
        <input type="submit" value="上传文件" />
    form>
    <hr />
    <h3>借用KindEditor富文本编辑器实现批量上传图片h3>
    <textarea id="kindEditorDesc" style="width:800px;height:300px;visibility:hidden;">textarea>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        $(function(){
            //初始化富文本编辑器
            KindEditor.create("#kindEditorDesc", {



    
                // name值，必须和Controller 的参数对应，不然会提示 400 的错误
                filePostName : "fileUpload",
                // action值，
                uploadJson : '/pic/upload',
                // 设置上传类型，分别为image、flash、media、file
                dir : "image"
            });
        });
    script>   
body>
html>

说明：pic-upload.jsp 分为两个部分，第一个部分是为了测试上传图片功能的form表单。第二个部分是为了更好的体验上传，批量上传，回显功能的KindEditer 富文本编辑器。

总结

  • Nginx 搭建服务器的思维

  • Java实现 Ftp上传图片的功能

  • KindEditer 上传图片的功能

源码：https://github.com/ITDragonBlog/daydayup/tree/master/Nginx

Nginx 搭建图片服务器到这里就结束了，有什么不足的地方，请赐教。如果觉得不错，可以点个赞哦！



如果你觉得文章不错，欢迎点赞分享到朋友圈


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