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周五啦，提前预祝大家周末快乐。
用Python操作Excel也算常用的功能，比如爬取数据时，需要对数据进行格式化存储；自动化操作时也可能会操作到Excel。
今天就给大家分享5中常用的用Python操作Excel的方式
Python对Excel的读写主要有xlrd、xlwt、xlutils、openpyxl、xlsxwriter几种。
1.xlrd主要是用来读取excel文件
import xlrd
data = xlrd.open_workbook('abcd.xls') # 打开xls文件
table = data.sheets()[0] # 打开第一张表
nrows = table.nrows # 获取表的行数
for i in range(nrows): # 循环逐行打印
if i == 0:# 跳过第一行
continue
print (table.row_values(i)[:13]) # 取前十三列
示例：
#coding=utf-8
#######################################################
#filename:test_xlrd.py
#author:defias
#date:xxxx-xx-xx
#function：读excel文件中的数据
#######################################################
import xlrd
#打开一个workbook
workbook = xlrd.open_workbook('E:\\Code\\Python\\testdata.xls')
#抓取所有sheet页的名称
worksheets = workbook.sheet_names()
print('worksheets is %s' %worksheets)
#定位到sheet1
worksheet1 = workbook.sheet_by_name(u'Sheet1')
"""
#通过索引顺序获取
worksheet1 = workbook.sheets()[0]
#或
worksheet1 = workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
"""
"""
#遍历所有sheet对象
for worksheet_name in worksheets:
worksheet = workbook.sheet_by_name(worksheet_name)
"""
#遍历sheet1中所有行row
num_rows = worksheet1.nrows
for curr_row in range(num_rows):
row = worksheet1.row_values(curr_row)
print('row%s is %s' %(curr_row,row))
#遍历sheet1中所有列col
num_cols = worksheet1.ncols
for curr_col in range(num_cols):
col = worksheet1.col_values(curr_col)
print('col%s is %s' %(curr_col,col))
#遍历sheet1中所有单元格cell
for rown in range(num_rows):
for coln in range(num_cols):
cell = worksheet1.cell_value(rown,coln)
print cell
"""
#其他写法：
cell = worksheet1.cell(rown,coln).value
print cell
#或
cell = worksheet1.row(rown)[coln].value
print cell
#或
cell = worksheet1.col(coln)[rown].value
print cell
#获取单元格中值的类型，类型 0 empty,1 string, 2 number, 3 date, 4 boolean, 5 error
cell_type = worksheet1.cell_type(rown,coln)
print cell_type
"""
2.xlwt主要是用来写excel文件
#Python学习交流群：778463939
import xlwt
wbk = xlwt.Workbook()
sheet = wbk.add_sheet('sheet 1')
sheet.write(0,1,'test text')#第0行第一列写入内容
wbk.save('test.xls')
3.xlutils结合xlrd可以达到修改excel文件目的
import xlrd
from xlutils.copy import copy
workbook = xlrd.open_workbook(u'有趣装逼每日数据及趋势.xls')
workbooknew = copy(workbook)
ws = workbooknew.get_sheet(0)
ws.write(3, 0, 'changed!')
workbooknew.save(u'有趣装逼每日数据及趋势copy.xls')
4.openpyxl可以对excel文件进行读写操作
from openpyxl import Workbook
from openpyxl import load_workbook
from openpyxl.writer.excel import ExcelWriter
workbook_ = load_workbook(u"新歌检索失败1477881109469.xlsx")
sheetnames =workbook_.get_sheet_names() #获得表单名字
print sheetnames
sheet = workbook_.get_sheet_by_name(sheetnames[0])
print sheet.cell(row=3,column=3).value
sheet['A1'] = '47'
workbook_.save(u"新歌检索失败1477881109469_new.xlsx")
wb = Workbook()
ws = wb.active
ws['A1'] = 4
wb.save("新歌检索失败.xlsx")
示例：
import openpyxl
# 新建文件
workbook = openpyxl.Workbook()
# 写入文件
sheet = workbook.activesheet['A1']='A1'
# 保存文件
workbook.save('test.xlsx')
5.xlsxwriter可以写excel文件并加上图表
import xlsxwriter
def get_chart(series):
chart = workbook.add_chart({'type': 'line'})
for ses in series:
name = ses["name"]
values = ses["values"]
chart.add_series({
'name': name,
'categories': 'A2:A10',
'values':values
})
chart.set_size({'width': 700, 'height': 350})
return chart
if __name__ == '__main__':
workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook(u'H5应用中心关键数据及趋势.xlsx')
worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet(u"每日PV,UV")
headings = ['日期', '平均值']
worksheet.write_row('A1', headings)
index=0
for row in range(1,10):
for com in [0,1]:
worksheet.write(row,com,index)
index+=1
series = [{"name":"平均值","values"
:"B2:B10"}]
chart = get_chart(series)
chart.set_title ({'name': '每日页面分享数据'})
worksheet.insert_chart('H7', chart)
workbook.close()
openpyxl
示例：
import xlsxwriter as xw
#新建excel
workbook = xw.Workbook('myexcel.xlsx')
#新建工作薄
worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet()
#写入数据
worksheet.wirte('A1',1)
#关闭保存
workbook.close()
合并表格实例：
#coding:utf-8
import xlsxwriter
import xlrd
#新建excel
workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook('广东.xlsx')
#新建工作薄
worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet()
count = 1
worksheet.write("A%s"%count,"公司名称")
worksheet.write("B%s"%count,"法人")
worksheet.write("C%s"%count,"电话")
worksheet.write("D%s"%count,"注册资金")
worksheet.write("E%s"%count,"注册时间")
count+=1
for i in range(1,153):
data = xlrd.open_workbook('ah (%s).xls'%i) # 打开xls文件
table = data.sheets()[0] # 打开第一张表
nrows = table.nrows # 获取表的行数
for i in range(nrows): # 循环逐行打印
if i == 0:# 跳过第一行
continue
# print (table.row_values(i)[:5]) # 取前十三列
print(count,table.row_values(i)[:5][0])
#写入数据
#设定第一列（A）宽度为20像素 A:E表示从A到E
worksheet.set_column('A:A',30)
worksheet.set_column('B:E',20)
worksheet.write("A%s"%count,table.row_values(i)[:5][0])
worksheet.write("B%s"%count,table.row_values(i)[:5][1])
worksheet.write("C%s"%count,table.row_values(i)[:5][2])
worksheet.write("D%s"%count,table.row_values(i)[:5][3])
worksheet.write("E%s"%count,table.row_values(i)[:5][4])
count+=1
#关闭保存
workbook.close()
