我在一个初级的编码类,我似乎无法把我所教的基本知识变成一个工作程序,一个如此复杂的列表。我应该使用什么函数来执行此操作?
在这一点上,我们还没有讨论导入任何额外的特性(numpy等),我知道人们经常使用lambda(虽然我不太了解它的功能),但这一点在这个类中还没有介绍。
#This is an example of the structure of a student dictionary
#They have an id number
#They have a first name, last name and a list of assignments
#Assignments are tuples of an assignment name and grade
#The grade is a 4 point scale from 0 to 4
'''
student_list = [{'id': 12341, 'first_name': 'Alice', 'last_name': 'Anderson',
'assignments': [('assignment_1', 0), ('assignment_2', 2), ('assignment_3', 4)]},
{'id': 12342, 'first_name': 'Boris', 'last_name': 'Bank',
'assignments': [('assignment_1', 1), ('assignment_2', 3), ('assignment_3', 0)]},
{'id': 12343, 'first_name': 'Carl', 'last_name': 'Cape',
'assignments': [('assignment_1', 2), ('assignment_2', 4), ('assignment_3', 1)]},
{'id': 12344, 'first_name': 'Didi', 'last_name': 'Dawson',
'assignments': [('assignment_1', 3), ('assignment_2', 0), ('assignment_3', 2)]},
{'id': 12345, 'first_name': 'Ed', 'last_name': 'Enders',
'assignments': [('assignment_1', 4), ('assignment_2', 1), ('assignment_3', 3)]}]
#This function should return a list of the n student dictionaries with the
#highest grades on the assignment passed in as assignment name
#If there is a tie then it is broken by returning the student(s) with the
#lowest id number(s)
def highest_n_grades(students, assignment_name, n):
编辑
我希望能在正确的方向上找到一个点,比如什么样的命令可以获得最高的成绩等等。到目前为止,我真正拥有的是:
def highest_n_grades(student_list):
for s in student_list:
for assignment_name, grade in s['assignments']:
if int(grade) >= 4:
print(assignment_name, grade)
highest_n_grades(student_list)
编辑2
我也试过了,但是我试着对字典而不是列表进行排序时出错了。
def highest_n_grades(student_list, assignment_name):
for s in student_list:
for assignment_name in s['assignments'][1]:
s['assignments'][1] = assignment_name
s.sort(key=assignment_name)
print(student_list)
highest_n_grades(student_list, assignment_name='assignment_1' )
编辑3
好吧,我也许有点进步了?
newlist2 = sorted(newlist, key=lambda k: k['assignments'][0], reverse = True)
newlist3 = sorted(newlist, key=lambda k: k['assignments'][1], reverse = True)
newlist4 = sorted(newlist, key=lambda k: k['assignments'][2], reverse = True)
这些似乎是按任务排序的。我不明白lambda在做什么,但我至少可以生成一个最高分排在第一位的列表。我觉得这是小步走。
编辑4
def highest_n_grades(student_list, n):
for s in student_list:
newlist = sorted(student_list, key=lambda k: k['assignments'][0], reverse=True)
print(newlist[:n])
highest_n_grades(student_list, 3)
输出:
[{'id': 12345, 'first_name': 'Ed', 'last_name': 'Enders', 'assignments': [('assignment_1', 4), ('assignment_2', 1), ('assignment_3', 3)]}, {'id': 12344, 'first_name': 'Didi', 'last_name': 'Dawson', 'assignments': [('assignment_1', 3), ('assignment_2', 0), ('assignment_3', 2)]}, {'id': 12343, 'first_name': 'Carl', 'last_name': 'Cape', 'assignments': [('assignment_1', 2), ('assignment_2', 4), ('assignment_3', 1)]}]
[{'id': 12345, 'first_name': 'Ed', 'last_name': 'Enders', 'assignments': [('assignment_1', 4), ('assignment_2', 1), ('assignment_3', 3)]}, {'id': 12344, 'first_name': 'Didi', 'last_name': 'Dawson', 'assignments': [('assignment_1', 3), ('assignment_2', 0), ('assignment_3', 2)]}, {'id': 12343, 'first_name': 'Carl', 'last_name': 'Cape', 'assignments': [('assignment_1', 2), ('assignment_2', 4), ('assignment_3', 1)]}]
[{'id': 12345, 'first_name': 'Ed', 'last_name': 'Enders', 'assignments': [('assignment_1', 4), ('assignment_2', 1), ('assignment_3', 3)]}, {'id': 12344, 'first_name': 'Didi', 'last_name': 'Dawson', 'assignments': [('assignment_1', 3), ('assignment_2', 0), ('assignment_3', 2)]}, {'id': 12343, 'first_name': 'Carl', 'last_name': 'Cape', 'assignments': [('assignment_1', 2), ('assignment_2', 4), ('assignment_3', 1)]}]
[{'id': 12345, 'first_name': 'Ed', 'last_name': 'Enders', 'assignments': [('assignment_1', 4), ('assignment_2', 1), ('assignment_3', 3)]}, {'id': 12344, 'first_name': 'Didi', 'last_name': 'Dawson', 'assignments': [('assignment_1', 3), ('assignment_2', 0), ('assignment_3', 2)]}, {'id': 12343, 'first_name': 'Carl', 'last_name': 'Cape', 'assignments': [('assignment_1', 2), ('assignment_2', 4), ('assignment_3', 1)]}]
[{'id': 12345, 'first_name': 'Ed', 'last_name': 'Enders', 'assignments': [('assignment_1', 4), ('assignment_2', 1), ('assignment_3', 3)]}, {'id': 12344, 'first_name': 'Didi', 'last_name': 'Dawson', 'assignments': [('assignment_1', 3), ('assignment_2', 0), ('assignment_3', 2)]}, {'id': 12343, 'first_name': 'Carl', 'last_name': 'Cape', 'assignments': [('assignment_1', 2), ('assignment_2', 4), ('assignment_3', 1)]}]
