通常每个作者在论文中都是相互联系的:

import itertools
import networkx as nx

authorlist = [list(paperauthors.values()) for papername, paperauthors in author.items()]

g = nx.Graph()
edgelist = [a1, a2 for paperauthors in authorlist for a1, a2 in itertools.combinations(paperauthors, 2)]
g.add_edges_from(edgelist)