Digital Economy and Data Protection Newsletter（26.11）

HOTSPOT

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1. The National Data Administration (NDA) releases the Implementation Plan for the Action to Promote the Development of High-Quality Datasets in Key Industries

   Source: National Data Administration (NDA)

   https://www.nda.gov.cn/sjj/zwgk/tzgg/0608/20260608172117399715004_pc.html

   
   

2. The Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC) and two other departments jointly issue the Measures for Network Data Security Risk Assessment

   Source: Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC)

   
   

3. The CAC releases the Provisions on Promoting the Interoperable and Mutually Recognized Application of Distributed Digital Identity (Draft for Comment) for public consultation

   Source: Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC)

   
   

4. The CAC and two other departments issue the Catalogue of Products Subject to Cybersecurity Labelling (First Batch) and related implementing rules

   Source: Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC)

   
   

5. The CAC and several other departments issue the Guidelines for the Classification and Grading of Financial Information Service Data

   Source: Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC)

   
   

6. The CAC and the State Administration for Market Regulation (SAMR) jointly issue the Code of Practice for Online Review Activities

   Source: Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC)

   
   

7. The CAC releases the mandatory national standard Management Requirements for Government Affairs Mobile Internet Applications (Draft for Comment)

   Source: Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC)

   
   

8. The National Financial Regulatory Administration (NFRA) releases the Guiding Opinions on the Safe Development and Application of Artificial Intelligence in the Banking and Insurance Sectors

   Source: National Financial Regulatory Administration (NFRA)

   https://www.nfra.gov.cn/cn/view/pages/governmentDetail.html?docId=1261784&itemId=&generaltype=1&sessionid=

   
   

9. The SAMR opens public consultation on the Ten Provisions on Regulating Subsidy Practices of Food-Delivery Platforms (Draft for Comment)

   Source: State Administration for Market Regulation (SAMR)

   
   

10. The National Cybersecurity Standardization Technical Committee (TC260) opens public consultation on several national standards, including Data Security Technology — Personal Information Security Specification

    Source: National Cybersecurity Standardization Technical Committee (TC260)

    https://www.tc260.org.cn/portal/suggestion

    
    

11. The TC260 releases two cybersecurity standard practice guides, including the AI Application Security Guidelines — Education Sector (Draft for Comment)

    Source: National Cybersecurity Standardization Technical Committee (TC260)

    
    

12. The Office of the Inter-Ministerial Joint Conference on Building a Strong IP Country issues the 2026 Key Local Work Points for Implementing the Outline and Plan for Building a Strong IP Country

    Source: China National Intellectual Property Administration (CNIPA)

    https://www.cnipa.gov.cn/art/2026/6/8/art_543_206692.html?xxgkhide=1

    
    

13. The Ministry of Commerce (MOFCOM) issues the Measures for Industrial and Supply Chain Security Investigations

    Source: Ministry of Commerce (MOFCOM)

    https://hzs.mofcom.gov.cn/zcfb/jwtz/art/2026/art_1f8d593289334236a2bec4086337ac59.html

    
    

14. The CNIPA releases the Opinions on Strengthening the Management of IP Public-Service Institutions and Delivering High-Quality IP Public Services

    Source: China National Intellectual Property Administration (CNIPA)

    https://www.cnipa.gov.cn/art/2026/6/22/art_75_206858.html

    
    

15. The Trademark Law of the People’s Republic of China was adopted as amended on 26 June 2026 and takes effect on 1 January 2027

    Source: China National Intellectual Property Administration (CNIPA)

    https://www.cnipa.gov.cn/art/2026/6/26/art_95_206942.html

    
    

16. The Tongzhou District Bureau of Economy and Information Technology (Beijing) issues the Several Measures to Support the High-Quality Development of the Digital Economy in the Beijing City Sub-Center

    Source: Tongzhou District Bureau of Economy and Information Technology, Beijing

    https://www.bjtzh.gov.cn/bjtz/xxfb/202606/1792651.shtml?sessionid=

    
    

1. The CAC releases a notice launching the “Qinglang (Clear and Bright) · Rectifying Chaos in Account-Name Information” special campaign

   Source: Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC)

   
   

2. The CAC releases the China Personal Information Protection Report (2025)

   Source: Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC)

   
   

3. The CAC reports on issues with the collection and use of personal information by 30 apps

   Source: Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC)

   
   

4. The CAC guides key website platforms in jointly developing the Self-Discipline Convention on Rectifying Information Infringing Enterprises and Optimizing the Online Business Environment

   Source: Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC)

   
   

5. The CAC releases typical cases involving the use of AI to create false military-related information

   Source: Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC)

   
   

6. The National Data Administration (NDA) releases the Digital China Development Report (2025)

   Source: National Data Administration (NDA)

   https://www.nda.gov.cn/sjj/ywpd/sjzg/0608/20260608193210077440494_pc.html?sessionid=

   
   

7. The SAMR supervises Lalamove’s implementation of antitrust compliance rectification

   Source: State Administration for Market Regulation (SAMR)

   
   

8. The SAMR, together with the CAC and the National Railway Administration, holds regulatory talks with seven third-party platforms involved in train-ticket sales over irregular business practices, including the improper collection and use of platform users’ personal information

   Source: State Administration for Market Regulation (SAMR)

   
   

9. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) and the SAMR hold regulatory reminder talks with automakers suspected of engaging in irrational competition

   Source: Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT)

   
   

10. The MIIT issues guidance to regulate in-app information-window redirection practices

    Source: Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT)

    
    

11. The Cybersecurity Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security releases 10 typical cases of cracking down on online-rumor-related crimes

    Source: Cybersecurity Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security

    
    

12. The Cybersecurity Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security releases typical cases of crimes infringing citizens’ personal information

    Source: Cybersecurity Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security

    
    

13. The Cybersecurity Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security reports two cases of using AI tools to fabricate rumors about the Zhangjiajie scenic area

    Source: Cybersecurity Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security

    
    

14. The Cybersecurity Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security releases 10 typical cases of online rumors related to the Gaokao (national college entrance examination)

    Source: Cybersecurity Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security

    
    

15. People’s Court Daily reports a case in which an “AI hallucination” fabricated a criminal charge and the platform was held liable

    Source: People’s Court Daily

    
    

16. The Beijing Municipal Administration for Market Regulation holds regulatory talks with five e-commerce platforms — Taobao (Tmall), JD.com, Pinduoduo, Douyin and Xiaohongshu — and reports the second batch of typical problems identified in the comprehensive rectification of “involutionary” competition

    Source: Beijing Municipal Administration for Market Regulation

    
    

17. The Shanghai Cyberspace Administration imposes a fine of RMB 10 million on Trip.com for failing to fulfil its outbound data-transfer security-assessment obligations and for unlawfully transferring personal information abroad

    Source: Shanghai Cyberspace Administration (Shanghai CAC)

    
    

18. The Shanghai Cyberspace Administration releases the announcement of registration information for generative AI services (8 June)

    Source: Shanghai Cyberspace Administration (Shanghai CAC)

    
    

19. The Zhejiang Branch of the People’s Bank of China issues an administrative penalty decision, fining NetEase Pay more than RMB 2 million for violating data-security rules

    Source: People’s Bank of China, Zhejiang Branch

    https://hangzhou.pbc.gov.cn/hangzhou/125268/125286/125293/5508277/2026060810103415029/index.html

    
    

20. MOFCOM issues Announcement No. 23 of 2026, adding 10 U.S. entities, including Aveox, Inc., to the export-control list

    Source: Ministry of Commerce (MOFCOM)

    https://aqygzj.mofcom.gov.cn/flzc/gzjgfxwj/art/2026/art_497968bd4481455a93639682dfa11770.html

    
    

21. The National Cyber and Information Security Information Notification Center reports 40 mobile apps that illegally collect and use personal information

    Source: National Cyber and Information Security Information Notification Center

    
    

22. The Jiangsu Branch of the People’s Bank of China penalizes Bank of Suzhou for 11 violations, including breaches of cybersecurity and data-security management rules, issuing a warning and public criticism, confiscating about RMB 400,000 in illegal gains and imposing fines exceeding RMB 7.21 million, for total penalties exceeding RMB 7.6 million

    Source: People’s Bank of China, Jiangsu Branch

    https://nanjing.pbc.gov.cn/nanjing/117542/117560/117567/5499233/2026061810353544688/index.html

    
    

23. The Shanghai Cyberspace Administration reports issues with the collection and use of personal information by locally registered apps (Third Batch of 2026 — Transportation and Mobility Special)

    Source: Shanghai Cyberspace Administration (Shanghai CAC)

    
    

24. The first case under Shanghai’s expanded negative-list policy is implemented

    Source: Shanghai Cyberspace Administration (Shanghai CAC)

    
    

25. The Beijing Cyberspace Administration releases an announcement of filing information for generative AI services

    Source: Beijing Cyberspace Administration (Beijing CAC)

    
    

1. International:

1. The data protection authorities of Spain and Belgium jointly issue data protection recommendations for the video-game sector

   Source: AEPD

   https://www.aepd.es/en/press-and-communication/press-releases/spanish-and-belgian-dpas-promote-good-data-protection-practices-for-video-game-sector

   
   

2. The EU and South Korea sign a Digital Trade Agreement

   Source: European Commission

   https://europa.eu/newsroom/ecpc-failover/pdf/ip-26-1317_en.pdf

   
   

3. A UN global technical regulation on automated driving systems, led by China, is approved and published

   Source: Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT)

   
   

4. Five Eyes cybersecurity agencies, including the NSA and the UK NCSC, issue a joint statement on the cybersecurity risks of AI

   Source: NSA

   https://www.nsa.gov/Press-Room/News-Highlights/Article/Article/4523810/five-eyes-cyber-security-agencies-statement/

   
   

2. EU:

1. The CJEU rules that, subject to the conditions of the e-Commerce Directive, a Member State may require pornographic websites established in another Member State to carry out age verification of users (C-188/24, C-190/24)

   Source: Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU)

   https://curia.europa.eu/site/upload/docs/application/pdf/2026-06/cp260087en.pdf

   
   

2. The General Court of the EU rules that, under certain conditions, the European Commission may require companies to disclose documents stored on personal communication devices used for professional purposes (Vivendi and Lagardère v Commission)

   Source: General Court of the European Union

   https://curia.europa.eu/site/upload/docs/application/pdf/2026-06/cp260083en.pdf

   
   

3. The European Parliament approves the AI Act simplification measures

   Source: European Parliament

   https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/press-room/20260611IPR45207/ai-act-ep-approves-simplification-measures-and-nudifier-app-ban

   
   

4. The CJEU rules that an information-society-service provider with “actual knowledge” of and “control” over content cannot rely on the exemption under Article 14(1) of the e-Commerce Directive

   Source: Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU)

   https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/FR/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:62024CJ0188

   
   

5. Chapter IV of the Cyber Resilience Act (CRA) — the provisions on the notification of conformity-assessment bodies — applies from 11 June 2026

   Source: EUR-Lex

   https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=OJ:L_202402847

   
   

6. The European Commission releases the final version of the Code of Practice on the Transparency of AI-Generated Content

   Source: European Commission

   https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/news/commission-publishes-code-practice-marking-and-labelling-ai-generated-content

   
   

7. The European Commission imposes interim measures on Meta, requiring it to restore or maintain free access to WhatsApp for competitors’ general-purpose AI assistants

   Source: European Commission

   https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_26_1276

   
   

8. The EDPB releases a general template for personal data breach notifications and opens it for consultation

   Source: EDPB

   https://www.edpb.europa.eu/public-consultations/template-for-personal-data-breach-notification_en#no-back

   
   

9. Goldwind issues a statement on filing legal proceedings against the European Commission’s investigation under the Foreign Subsidies Regulation

   Source: Goldwind

   https://www.goldwind.com/cn/news/focus-1246914787565314048/

   
   

10. The European Commission preliminarily finds that Amazon Web Services and Microsoft Azure should be designated as “gatekeeper” services under the Digital Markets Act (DMA)

    Source: European Commission

    https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_26_1444

    
    

11. The EDPB releases the latest case digest on the “right to object” and the “right to erasure”

    Source: EDPB

    https://www.edpb.europa.eu/documents/support-pool-of-experts/one-stop-shop-case-digest-on-right-to-object-and-right-to-erasure_en

    
    

12. The European Commission proposes amendments to the Regulation on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data by the Union institutions, bodies, offices and agencies and on the free movement of such data

    Source: European Commission

    https://commission.europa.eu/law/law-topic/data-protection/legal-framework-eu-data-protection_en

    
    

13. The EDPB launches a dedicated form for the GDPR consistency mechanism, enabling stakeholders to report potential inconsistencies in the interpretation of the GDPR across Europe

    Source: EDPB

    https://www.edpb.europa.eu/contact/flag-an-inconsistency_en

    
    

14. The consultation on the European Commission’s guidelines on the classification of high-risk AI systems closes on 23 June

    Source: European Commission

    https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/guidelines-ai-high-risk-systems

    
    

15. EU: The NIS Cooperation Group releases a reference document on security measures for entities under NIS2, together with a mapping table, to help Member States and regulated entities understand the cybersecurity risk-management measures under Article 21 of NIS2

    Source: European Commission

    https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/nis-cooperation-group

    
    

3. United States:

1. Senators introduce the No Robot Bosses Act and the Stop Spying Bosses Act, aimed at restricting automated decision-making in the workplace and the surveillance of employees

   Source: Office of Senator Markey

   https://www.markey.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/no_robot_bosses_act.pdf

   
   

2. Representatives release a discussion draft of the Great American AI Act 2026

   Source: Office of Representative Obernolte

   https://obernolte.house.gov/media/press-releases/obernolte-trahan-release-discussion-draft-great-american-ai-act

   
   

3. The U.S. Department of Defense updates its Section 1260H list of Chinese military companies, which now includes Alibaba, Baidu, BYD, YMTC and CXMT

   Source: U.S. Department of Defense

   https://www.war.gov/News/Releases/Release/Article/4511232/dow-releases-list-of-chinese-military-companies-in-accordance-with-section-1260/

   
   

4. NIST and the NCCoE release guidance on ransomware risk management

   Source: NIST

   https://csrc.nist.gov/News/2026/ransomware-risk-management-ir-8374r1

   
   

5. New York State’s law requiring advertising disclosure for AI-synthesized performers takes effect

   Source: Office of the Governor of New York State

   https://www.governor.ny.gov/news/governor-hochul-signs-legislation-protect-consumers-and-boost-ai-transparency-film-industry

   
   

6. New York State’s One Fair Price Act (S8623B/A9349B) passes the state legislature, seeking to prohibit “surveillance pricing” based on personal data, algorithmic profiling and similar practices

   Source: New York State Senate

   https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/bills/2025/S8623/amendment/B

   
   

7. A House Energy subcommittee advances the Protecting Families from AI Data Center Energy Costs Act (H.R. 6529) to the full committee for consideration

   Source: U.S. House Committee on Energy and Commerce

   https://d1dth6e84htgma.cloudfront.net/H_R_6529_Protecting_Families_from_AI_Data_Center_Energy_Costs_Act_1_227c1b2673.pdf

   
   

8. Federal senators introduce the SAFE KIDS Act, establishing a federal framework addressing the risks of children’s use of AI chatbots

   Source: Office of Senator Schiff

   https://www.schiff.senate.gov/news/press-releases/news-sens-schiff-curtis-unveil-new-bipartisan-legislation-to-protect-children-from-ai-chatbot-risks/

   
   

9. The House Committee on Energy and Commerce announces agreement on the bipartisan children’s online-safety package, the KIDS Act

   Source: U.S. House Committee on Energy and Commerce

   https://energycommerce.house.gov/posts/chairman-guthrie-and-ranking-member-pallone-announce-agreement-on-bipartisan-kids-safety-package

   
   

10. The White House signs an executive order on guarding against advanced cryptographic attacks, focusing on the long-term risks that quantum computing and similar technologies pose to existing cryptographic systems

    Source: The White House

    https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2026/06/securing-the-nation-against-advanced-cryptographic-attacks/

    
    

11. The Governor of New Hampshire signs HB1460, prohibiting the sale of children’s personal data, with a focus on children’s location data and other sensitive data

    Source: Office of the Governor of New Hampshire

    https://www.governor.nh.gov/news/governor-signs-54-bills-law

    
    

12. The Governor of New Hampshire signs SB 589, addressing the cybersecurity of energy and water systems

    Source: LegiScan

    https://legiscan.com/NH/text/SB589/id/3378682

    
    

13. Alibaba sues the U.S. Department of Defense in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California, in response to the Department’s addition of Alibaba to the Section 1260H list on 8 June

    Source: CourtListener

    https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.cand.472746/gov.uscourts.cand.472746.1.0.pdf

    
    

14. Music platform Jamendo sues NVIDIA for infringement in connection with AI training

    Source: PacerMonitor

    https://www.pacermonitor.com/public/case/65318337/SA_JAMENDO_v_NVIDIA_Corporation

    
    

15. Legal-tech company Legion LegalTech sues the U.S. government in the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia, seeking to set aside the export-control letter issued by the U.S. Department of Commerce regarding Anthropic’s Fable 5 and Mythos 5 models

    Source: CourtListener

    https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/73520460/legion-legaltech-corp-v-united-states-of-america/

    
    

4. United Kingdom:

1. Section 103 of the Data Use and Access Act 2025 (DUAA) — which inserts a new Section 164A into the DPA 2018 — establishing mandatory data-protection complaint provisions, takes effect on 19 June 2026

   Source: ICO

   https://ico.org.uk/about-the-ico/media-centre/news-and-blogs/2026/02/statement-on-the-commencement-of-the-data-use-and-access-act-duaa

   
   

2. The government plans to ban social media platforms from providing services to children under 16

   Source: UK Government

   https://www.gov.uk/government/news/social-media-to-be-banned-for-under-16s-in-landmark-government-move-to-givekids-their-childhood-back

   
   

3. The ICO updates its compliance guidance for organisations on the Data Use and Access Act 2025 (DUAA)

   Source: ICO

   https://ico.org.uk/about-the-ico/what-we-do/legislation-we-cover/data-use-and-access-act-2025/the-data-use-and-access-act-2025-what-does-it-mean-for-organisations/

   
   

4. ICO releases the Guidance for Consumer Internet of Things Products and Services

   Source: ICO

   https://ico.org.uk/for-organisations/uk-gdpr-guidance-and-resources/online-tracking/guidance-for-consumer-internet-of-things-products-and-services/

   
   

5. Italy: The AGCM opens an investigation into Apple over compliance with interoperability obligations under the Digital Markets Act (DMA)

   Source: AGCM

   https://en.agcm.it/en/media/press-releases/2026/6/IDMA1

   
   

6. Germany: The Bundestag approves the implementation of the EU AI Act

   Source: German Bundestag

   https://www.bundestag.de/dokumente/textarchiv/2026/kw24-de-ki-1183820

   
   

7. France: The CNIL releases guidance on electronic communications directed at prospects and customers

   Source: CNIL

   https://www.cnil.fr/fr/communication-electronique-quelles-regles

   
   

8. Sweden: The PTS releases its 2025 Article 55 activity report under the Digital Services Act (DSA)

   Source: PTS

   https://www.pts.se/nyheter-och-pressmeddelanden/sverige-starker-arbetet-for-tryggare-digitala-tjanster--pts-publicerar-dsa-rapport-for-2025/

   
   

9. Canada:

1. The OPC finds that X and xAI violated PIPEDA over harmful synthetic images generated by Grok

   Source: OPC

   https://www.priv.gc.ca/en/opc-news/news-and-announcements/2026/nr-c_260611/

   
   

2. The government introduces Bill C-34, the Safe Social Media Act

   Source: Government of Canada

   https://www.canada.ca/en/canadian-heritage/news/2026/06/government-of-canada-introduces-legislation-to-make-social-media-services-and-ai-chatbots-safer-for-children.html

   
   

10. South Korea:

1. The PIPC imposes a surcharge of KRW 624.681 billion and a fine of KRW 16.8 million on Coupang for violating security measures and collecting personal information without a legal basis

   Source: PIPC

   https://pipc.go.kr/np/cop/bbs/selectBoardArticle.do?bbsId=BS074&mCode=C020010000&nttId=12171

   
   

2. The PIPC imposes an administrative fine of KRW 210 million and a corrective order on Bithumb for transferring users’ personal information to overseas exchanges/service providers without obtaining valid consent

   Source: PIPC

   https://www.pipc.go.kr/np/cop/bbs/selectBoardArticle.do?bbsId=BS074&mCode=C020010000&nttId=12196

   
   

3. The PIPC releases revised guidance on the right to request the transfer of personal information (data portability)

   Source: PIPC

   https://www.pipc.go.kr/np/cop/bbs/selectBoardArticle.do?bbsId=BS217&mCode=G010030000&nttId=12199

   
   

11. Brazil: The ANPD submits guidelines for a national personal data protection and privacy policy

    Source: ANPD

    https://www.gov.br/anpd/pt-br/assuntos/noticias/anpd-avanca-na-formulacao-da-politica-nacional-de-protecao-de-dados-pessoais-e-da-privacidade

    
    

12. Australia: The OAIC finds that Optus breached APP 11.1 in the White Pages number-disclosure incident by failing to take reasonable steps to protect personal information from unauthorized disclosure

    Source: OAIC

    https://www.oaic.gov.au/news/media-centre/privacy-commissioner-finds-against-optus-in-white-pages-breach

    
    

13. United Arab Emirates:

1. The DIFC releases a consultation draft of proposed amendments to the DIFC Data Protection Regulations

   Source: DIFC

   https://www.difc.com/whats-on/news/difc-consultation-amended-data-protection-regulations

   
   

2. The Cabinet issues a resolution prohibiting children under 15 from creating, using or operating social media accounts and their full functionality, while users aged 15–16 are subject to enhanced protection

   Source: Emirates News Agency (WAM)

   https://www.wam.ae/en/article/c0scy35-uae-cabinet-issues-resolution-regulating-childrens

   
   

14. Netherlands: The AP releases a draft list of DPIA exemptions for public consultation

    Source: Dutch DPA (AP)

    https://autoriteitpersoonsgegevens.nl/actueel/ap-vraagt-reacties-op-lijst-dpia-uitzonderingen

    
    

15. Portugal:

1. Regulation No. 756/2026 is published, implementing the cybersecurity legal regime under the NIS2 framework and setting out requirements for the registration and classification of important/essential entities, incident notification, risk matrices and security measures

   Source: Diário da República

   https://diariodarepublica.pt/dr/detalhe/regulamento/756-2026-1134399056

   
   

2. ANACOM opens public consultation on a draft recommendation for the implementation of Article 5 of the AI Act

   Source: ANACOM

   https://www.anacom.pt/render.jsp?contentId=1850436

   
   

16. Angola: The APD publishes two administrative penalty decisions concerning cross-border transfers and the failure to adopt adequate technical and organizational measures and to obtain APD authorization for processing

    Source: APD

    https://apd.ao/ao/noticias/deliberacao-sobre-processos-contravencionais-2-2/

    
    

17. Saudi Arabia: The SDAIA releases a Data Monetization Policy, establishing rules and procedures for monetizing the data products and services of government entities

    Source: SDAIA

    https://sdaia.gov.sa/en/SDAIA/about/Files/DataMonetizationPolicy.pdf

    
    

18. Brazil: The ANPD announces that it has begun monitoring whether websites containing pornographic or adult content have implemented age-verification mechanisms

    Source: ANPD

    https://www.gov.br/anpd/pt-br/assuntos/noticias/anpd-monitoramento-sites-com-conteudo-pornografico-eca-digital

    
    

19. Ecuador: The SPDP opens public consultation on a draft reform of its rules on personal data protection in the use of AI systems

    Source: SPDP

    https://spdp.gob.ec/proyectos-normativos/